Hiring the right product team is crucial yet challenging. You need a cross-functional group of people with complementary skills who can work together to understand customers, define solutions, and deliver successful products to the market. This article will provide a framework for identifying the key roles you need on your product team along with the critical skills for each.
Defining the Core Product Team Roles
Before detailing the roles, it’s important to outline the core product team. This consists of:
- Product Manager: Owns the product vision, strategy, and roadmap. Leads the team to identify and build solutions focused on customer and company goals.
- Product Designer: Focuses on the user experience and product interface. Brings visual design expertise.
- Software Engineers: Builds the technology and brings products to life. Provides technical/architectural guidance.
Additional roles like user researchers, data analysts, and more can supplement the core team on an as-needed basis. Let’s explore the core roles more closely.
Product Manager Role and Skills
The product manager is the heart of the product team. They discover and define winning product opportunities and lead the execution through cross-functional collaboration. Crucial skills include:
- Customer Focus: Deep understanding of target users and buyers, their needs, behaviors, and pain points. Empathizes effectively.
- Data Analysis: Leverages data to inform decisions. Analyzes usage metrics, market trends, competition, and more to spot opportunities.
- Problem Solving: Structures complex problems. Thinks critically to simplify challenges into solvable frameworks while considering multiple perspectives.
- Leadership and Influence: Inspires teams without formal authority. Navigate business needs and technical constraints. Builds consensus through compelling stories tied to company mission and goals.
- Strategic Vision: Sees around corners and spots opportunities on the horizon in light of company direction. Sets ambitious yet achievable product visions.
- Execution Management: Makes precise plans to achieve the vision by ruthlessly prioritizing what to build now versus later.
Additional skills that separate good and great product managers include emotional intelligence, curiosity, storytelling, collaboration, and resilience. The blend of soft skills and hard skills makes finding unicorn product managers challenging. Widen your talent aperture by considering candidates with related but nontraditional backgrounds who showcase standout abilities in the above areas.
Product Designer Role and Skills
The product designer is the user experience (UX) expert on the product team. They craft intuitive, cohesive product interfaces that delight users and simplify complex problems. Key skills include:
- User Empathy: Puts themselves in the shoes of diverse target users to intimately understand their emotions, motivations, and goals.
- Interaction Design: Designs logical happy path user flows as well as error handling across products and channels. Brings consistency.
- Interface Design: Sets layout, information hierarchy, and polished visual treatments optimized for usability and brand expression.
- Prototyping Ability: Rapidly sketches ideas and builds clickable prototypes to visualize concepts and test assumptions before heavy engineering investment.
- Data Orientation: Leverages usage data, user research findings, and testing results to guide designs. Understands success metrics.
- Cross-functional Fluent: Communicates effectively with stakeholders of all backgrounds. Visualizes technical constraints.
The combination of extreme user empathy and solid design skills enables product designers to craft solutions people want to use. Look for T-shaped designers who specialize in UX while conversant across other areas like interface design, front-end development, and research. Assess portfolio case studies to judge strengths.
Software Engineer Role and Skills
Software engineers are the master builders on the product team. They bring concepts to life by architecting, coding, and iterating on digital products and platforms. Key skills include:
- Coding Fluency: Writes clean, performant, scalable code following best practices in languages and frameworks suited for assigned products and infrastructure.
- System Design: Considers dependencies to design simple yet robust technical systems and APIs.
- Troubleshooting Acumen: Doggedly investigates bugs and seamlessly handles unexpected technical challenges.
- Focus on Quality: Engineers for resilience. Pays down technical debt through proper testing, monitoring, documentation, etc.
- Teamwork and Collaboration: Aligns with the product roadmap and works cross-functionally to ensure the buildability of product designs.
- Communication Skills: Keeps product managers and designers informed on technical limitations, risks, and tradeoffs. Explain technical concepts clearly to non-technical audiences.
The mix of hard and soft skills demonstrates the well-roundedness required in addition to hardcore coding capabilities. Screen for hands-on engineering skills by assigning small coding tests reflecting your technology stack. Assess critical thinking and multifaceted problem approach by discussing system designs.
Extended Product Team Roles
While product managers, designers, and engineers represent the product team nucleus, additional roles provide vital skills. Consider user researchers, data analysts, and copywriters.
User Researcher Role and Skills
User researchers directly interact with customers to guide products. They plan and conduct onsite visits, remote interviews, usability tests, and surveys. Key skills include:
- Research Planning: Defines clear objectives and crafts testing/interview guides to tackle product questions. Determines relevant target participants.
- Study Execution: Applies qualitative and quantitative methods to uncover customer sentiments, barriers, and behaviors.
- Sense-making: Translates research findings into actionable insights for designers and product managers with sound recommendations.
- Storytelling: Distills volumes of data into compelling narratives that communicate key takeaways to influence executives and teams.
Data Analyst Role and Skills
Data analysts extract meaning from information to empower strategic decisions. They utilize statistical methods, visualize trends, and quantify opportunities. Key skills include:
- Analytics Fluency: Expertly navigates analysis software and query languages to process data from databases, instruments analytics tracking, etc.
- Statistical Comprehension: Interprets quantitative data leveraging statistical principles. Tests significance.
- Creativity and Curiosity: Hunts for creative ways to answer questions with available data. Determines additional datasets needed.
- Insight Communication: Summarizes analysis outcomes and key takeaways through comprehensible metrics definitions, easy-to-digest reports, and presentations. Surfaces recommendations.
Copywriter Role & Skills
Copywriters compose compelling content that communicates product value across websites, apps, emails, and more. Key skills include:
- Audience Empathy: Understands motivations and emotions of target users to craft resonant messaging.
- Brevity and Clarity: Concisely articulates complex concepts in simple, specific language that precisely speaks to users and moves them to action.
- Storytelling: Builds coherent narratives that educate, excite, and convince through relevant facts, benefits, and results.
- Collaboration: Partners closely with product managers and designers to appropriately position product capabilities tailored to user segments leveraging research.
Assembling a Cohesive yet Agile Team
There’s no definitive organizational structure that’s ideal for every product team. As the senior product leader, decide what roles to start with based on business context and major gaps given your product line’s stage and goals. Expand the group vertically and horizontally over time as needs evolve.
The key is selecting individuals with complementary knowledge and work styles that fit together. Balance creative thinkers with pragmatists. Hire learning-oriented people with growth mindsets who can flex as roles blur—champion diversity across dimensions like work history, education, demographics, etc. to spur innovation.
Finally, while outlining clear responsibilities per role, don’t create strong silos. Foster a collaborative, trusting environment where the team collectively owns solving customer problems through prompt testing and learning vs. territorial debates. Your product team will thrive with the right roles and skills fueling cooperation.
Key Takeaways
- Core product team roles span product management, product design, and software engineering supplemented by researchers, data scientists, and copywriters as required
- Product manager’s strategy and vision while coordinating execution. Extreme user empathy and business analysis abilities are vital.
- Product designers craft solutions focused on humanizing complex technology through intuitive user experiences grounded in research. Exceptional soft skills help navigate tradeoffs.
- Software engineers architect performant technical infrastructure enabling product capabilities with resilience. Communication and collaboration acumen create harmony.
- Extended roles like researchers, data analysts, and writers contribute specialized skills around understanding users, making data-driven decisions, and communicating product value effectively.
- Thoughtfully blending duties and work styles allows product teams to form trust-based connections that rally around customers to build products people want.
I hope this overview on assembling high-performing product teams provides a helpful starting point as you look to hire. Please let me know if you have any other questions!